On a number of technologies to improve the converter performance - inverters, and Technology - Electrical industry

China Product


1 Introduction Present, China Inverter Produced by manufacturers Inverter Mostly the ordinary V / f control mode, with only a few of foreign claim to use vector-based speed control technology. Basically in the foreign brands to open-loop, closed loop, speed control of three-dimensional control thought, in particular, concern is ABB's DTC control method in the product has been successfully applied. Frequency Control System domestic academic research has been done a lot of relevant work, and taken certain results, but it works compared to overseas practice and the accumulation of a gap there. If the theoretical knowledge into industrial products to our existing practice, frequency control products to improve our performance and quality, is a more pressing problem worthy of study. This paper attempts to control two aspects of strategy and modulation current of V / f control and techniques of the comparison indicates that, for all to share and explore.





Usually V / f controlled inverter system structure, modulation, the main circuit composed of three parts, of which pulse width modulation control part and the part of all of the software algorithm. This control method is drawn against AC motor steady-state model, not dependent on motor parameters and changes, and thus control is simple, easy to implement. However, the relatively narrow speed range, only applies to fans, pumps and other less demanding load on the speed performance. In order to improve load capacity slow times and the system dynamic performance, to meet the needs of real industrial field, to the existing control methods and the corresponding pulse width modulation strategy to improve and enhance. The following key technology for a few were discussed.
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chrono watches


2 control strategy in a number of technical


2.1 Compensation Compensation technology in open-loop control is indispensable. It includes the torque compensation, slip compensation, and compensation of dead time effect. Stator resistance at low pressure drop when compared to the output inverter is no longer ignore the need to compensate, otherwise the output voltage is not enough, the motor in low speed when the fixed or decreased. Slip compensation mainly for motor load is large in the actual output speed will be lower than the set speed and design. The two compensation methods can be used in practice, a simple fixed-value compensation, improved methods used to calculate three phase motor current compensation, but only under the current amplitude of the compensation is in fact the scalar compensation; more accurate compensation method is to conduct three-phase alternating current motor vector resolution, while the loss of participation in motor terms, such compensation is better. But this method is more complicated, while some of the motor parameters are dependent, in some difficulties in the implementation process.





Dead time effect compensation technology in open loop control plays an important role, it can effectively improve the output current waveform of the smoothness and reduce harmonics, while the output voltage can increase motor current RMS and reduce the shock. Especially in the required quiet environment, man-made increased carrier frequency, if not dead time compensation, even if the motor load in the low frequency may not run. Now commonly used with dead zone compensation of zero current direct compensation method, based on stator flux current decomposition, the dead zone voltage pulse width compensation, non-current Sensor Dead time compensation prediction methods. Determine the compensation current zero-crossing method is simple and easy to implement, but due to large current waveform in the noise component, while the external load fluctuations and will cause any interference with the judge had zero errors, zero has a dead platform affects the low frequency compensation effect, in particular, relatively high carrier frequency is particularly significant. Based on stator flux orientation methods do not directly determine the current zero-crossing, but the stator current in the rotating coordinate system by current vector angle and the decomposition of dead relationship between the voltage vector corresponding compensation, if the method and the dead-voltage pulse width of combination, the effect is more prominent. Phase angle prediction dead-time compensation method is a current sensor saved fixed compensation method, which first predicted the current phase angle, and then the dead time compensation accordingly, can predict the angle of inverter output capacity of different settings in the software or set by external changes.

Development and puffing machine in the Expanded Foods - air puffing machine, puffed food - Food Industry

China Product


Generation re-refined grain and less coarse grains Diet Habits, has been a serious threat to human health, many experts and scholars put forward the "Security" "nutrition" "Health" of the diet of new ideas, to restore thousands of years of "grain-based" diet idea. Currently on the market with "grain Cereal "To Raw material Food after another, a new philosophy of life is being gradually extended and accepted by the people to gradually improve the national physical fitness, improve the national life and quality of life.





Currently very popular food market selling rice wheat pass through, milky corn, coffee, corn and other "whole grains" Snack Food , To meet the new consumption concept, but also popular among consumers, in fact, these foods are in our local food traditions developed in the food production process in the most relevant health materials puffing, puffing process in maintaining safe and secure pollution, while maintaining the nutritional content of whole grains, color and flavor, air puffing machine can achieve such good purpose. Dole Food Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hong to since the establishment of dedicated research of traditional Chinese food, and Huazhong University of Science and professor of Huazhong Agricultural University, several experts Cooperation Development of the market LO's = Food Machinery And food technology developed formula to ensure food technology and food machinery supporting formulas, practical, advanced.
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lowboy trailer


Before 2004, China's grain puffing has been the use of traditional air tank, and has been confined to Rice Puffing, a Expanded only 1 kg, not only yield a small, but also time-consuming work, easy to damage, and serious food most of the lead exceeded. Wuhan to Seoul Food Machinery Co., Ltd. Hong After nearly three years of painstaking development, refer to Japan, Taiwan's air puffing similar products, and finally in September 2006 developed the first large-scale air puffing machine, widely used in rice, wheat, barley, maize, sorghum, Beans And other grain puffing, after numerous experiments, and the use of the top ten customers feedback, the company has made many technical improvements compared to traditional air tank has the following advantages: large output, one can be extruded 8kg of rice; saving time and labor , a worker can operate 2; save energy, lower unit product energy consumption; safe operation, four security insurance, provincial qualified.





In June 2008, the market appeared in counterfeit goods, and later after the company investigated a number of small self-employed the original copy of our products and technology act, Changsha two businesses with their publicity pictures and web images to mechanically copy, the only immediate interests of the speculators do not take into account the interests of customers, shoddy, with a puffing with three iron tanks on the assembly welding, there is no concept of quality and safety products to customers has posed a great loss and unnecessary troubles, such as Jilin, first up on food in unknown circumstances in the purchase of 10 sets air puffing machine, less than a month can not use all the freight had to spend back in Changsha.





The soul of enterprise development is the "innovation", the production line with the market and consumers like the food is always fighting for food companies! Wuhan to Seoul Food Machinery Co., Ltd. Hong has followed the market, different shapes of rice through the automatic molding wheat food use through computer control, advanced design, stable no impact, no shaking, solves such problems as domestic counterparts slow vibration , mold and hopper were designed using food-grade material production, safety and health, forming the system of electronic eye tracking alignment, two mechanical correction, positioning accuracy, high yield; material automatically cloth, automatic feeding, automatic ejection, defective low. Since entering the market welcomed by the majority of food plants, in many parts of the country are well-known brand partners. <<"Check more exciting content





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Experienced extremely dry 2009 Chinese wheat market price trends

09 in the first half of enterprises have exclusive varieties of rapid growth in exports - the export of proprietary Chinese medicines - pharmaceutical industries

China Product


1 June this year, China's total import and export volume of proprietary Chinese medicines 152 million U.S. dollars, down 5.79% (compared with 161 million U.S. dollars), accounting for proprietary Chinese medicine export Traditional Chinese medicine Products import and export volume of 16.67%. 2 to 4 months total import and export of proprietary Chinese medicines decreased greatly over the previous year. Proprietary Chinese medicines imported a total of 76,780,000 U.S. dollars (compared with 81.85 million U.S. dollars), down 6.19%; exports total 75.3 million U.S. dollars (compared with 79.58 million U.S. dollars), down 5.38% this year, China exports drop tendency of proprietary Chinese medicines formation.





In the first half, China's export of proprietary Chinese medicines to countries and regions 118, of which 49 countries and regions, appear to increase over the previous year, but the proprietary Chinese medicine is still the main exporter of Hong Kong, China, Japan and the United States. In the first half, exports to Hong Kong, China's top three proprietary companies are: Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing Tong Ren Tang Co., Ltd., Beijing Tong Ren Tang Technologies Co., Ltd. Import & Export Branch.
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mini infrared thermometer


Currently, the state-owned enterprises still account for a significant export status, the first half of the top ten export enterprises, the state-owned enterprises account for seven places. Which has the exclusive species of Shandong Dong-E-Jiao Co., Ltd. and Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., rapid export growth, according to Health Insurance Association statistics, the two companies on the Hong Kong market, half the export growth rate is above 100%.





State-owned enterprises at the head Export enterprises in China totaled 470 Chinese patent medicines, reduction of 5% a year earlier. Proprietary state-owned enterprises remain the main export, the export value of 44.49 million U.S. dollars in the first half, accounting for 59% of the proprietary Chinese medicine exports, exports fell 2.6% from a year earlier, due to state-owned enterprises and their products are generally proprietary Chinese medicines with high brand reputation , large production scale, independent intellectual property rights and consumer groups are more fixed market, so a slight decline in total exports during the first half, but the decline is not.





First half of the proprietary Chinese-funded enterprises exported 13.09 million U.S. dollars, accounting for 17% of the proprietary Chinese medicine exports, exports fell 18.5% from a year earlier, exports must fall. Among them, the joint venture's export drop 13% foreign-owned enterprise exports drop 22%. Because of our traditional export markets of proprietary Chinese medicines in Hong Kong and Japan needs China more stable, so the main export markets in Japan and Hong Kong's foreign enterprises in China (Tianjin Tanabe Pharmacy Co., Ltd., empowerment Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is not affected by the export of not only the contrary has increased considerably. The first half, Australia, Germany and the Philippines, demand fell, leading to export to these markets for foreign corporate performance fell significantly.

Start as soon as possible to establish long-term mechanism of PV Market - PV - the electronics industry

China Product


Despite the global economic experience of the international Financial Crisis, the global photovoltaic industry maintained rapid and healthy development momentum, its vitality more and more powerful, more important strategic position. At present, solar energy Battery Output ranks first in the world, the domestic PV market is comparatively slow, the current governments need to implement PV "Tariff Law", start the domestic PV market for China Energy , The environment and contribute to sustainable development of society.





Sustained rapid growth of the global PV industry
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As an important renewable energy applications, solar photovoltaic power generation in the past 10 years has been rapid development. The last 10 years, the global solar Battery The average annual growth rate of 48.5% yield; the last 5 years, this figure is as high as 55.2%. In 2009, global solar cell production reached 10.5GWp, up 33% over the previous year. Visible, although the PV industry between 2008-2009, by the international financial crisis, but still the process of rapid growth. 2010 global production of solar cells will reach 15GWp, 2011 will be a year or more to 20GWp.
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Product category from the point of view, crystalline silicon solar cells still occupy the mainstream. In 2009, global production of crystalline silicon cells 8.9GWp, about 85% of global output; film cell production 1.6GWp, about 15% of global output, while the CdTe thin film solar cell production output accounts for about film 60%.





On the market, the 2009 global installed capacity of solar cells 6.6GWp, up 20% over the previous year. Among them, the European market accounts for about 79%, North America and Asia accounted for 8.7% and 8.1%. In 2009, Germany to 3.2GWp installed the first volume of remaining the world. As of the end of 2009, total global installed solar capacity has reached 24.5GWp.





The cost of PV power generation is also declining. According to statistics, in 2006 the average cost of photovoltaic power generation is 0.25 U.S. dollars / kWh, 2010, the average cost will fall to 0.14 U.S. dollars / kWh. Of course, this data does not include the company's loan interest and tax expenses. As for the cost of photovoltaic power generation can be reduced when the cost of conventional energy generation rather, given the expected different countries. U.S. projections made in 2006 is about 2015 to achieve parity in the Internet, while Germany is forecast to achieve parity in 2007, Internet point in time in between 2017 to 2018. In short, with the decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, achieving parity is not far off the Internet.





In a variety of renewable energy applications, the photovoltaic power generation growth is most rapid. From 2000 to 2009, and net annual average growth of PV 60%; grid photovoltaic solar cells in all applications in the share of electricity generation in 2001 increased about 50% to 90% in 2009 .





In just entered this century, the world's major developed countries by 2020, PV development road map, then PV installed capacity is expected to European countries for the 41GWp, the United States 36GWp, the world's total installed capacity of photovoltaic 200GWp . With photovoltaic technology and photovoltaic industry matures, the cost of photovoltaic power generation decreased rapidly in many countries, this road map has been revised, for example, by 2020, European countries PV installed capacity will reach 400GWp, the U.S. installed capacity will to 300GWp, far more than originally expected.





China should as soon as possible, "Tariff Act"


2009, the global solar cell production output of the top 10 companies combined to 5612.3MWp, 56% of total global output. Among the world top 10 enterprises in the four major Tsung from China, namely Suntech, Yingli, Crystal O and TRW, the four enterprises in total output for 2009 was 2088.3MWp. China's solar cell production in 2009 reached 4GWp, accounting for 40% of the global total, ranking first in the world.





Recent years, China PV industry chain, to be coordinated and rapid development, equipment and raw materials to accelerate the localization process. Our main raw material polysilicon solar cell production from 80 tons in 2005 up to 2009, 1.6 million tons, silicon wire cutting technology is a world leader, began to export some production equipment.





However, China's photovoltaic market is still slow. In 2009, China's installed capacity of solar cells is only 160MWp, only 4% of national output that year, only the world's current installed capacity of 2.4%. As of the end of 2009, China's total installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation is only 300MW.





To quick start photovoltaic market, the experience of European countries is to implement the "Tariff Act." As the cost of PV power generation costs than conventional energy, so power companies higher than the cost of PV power generation companies to purchase electricity prices, while the State under "Tariff Law" on the grid company subsidies; with light V costs down, electricity price has decreased year by year, the appropriate State subsidies are declining. Implementation of the "Tariff Act" aims to promote the rapid decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, proved to decrease the cost of photovoltaic power generation electricity prices decline faster than the Internet faster. "Net price method" to make photovoltaic power generation into an attractive investment, from 2000 to 2009, global investment in PV power plant construction more than 20 billion euros, while the photovoltaic cell production line construction investment has more than 50 billion euros. "Tariff Act" must reflect society as a whole win situation. Generating enterprises for the sale and recover the costs and profits, the banks profit through loans, government revenue through taxes are, in addition, power companies have to ensure that photovoltaic power generation process could also benefit.

Drupa 2008 to see the sudden emergence of the inkjet printing - inkjet printing - silk screen printing industry, especially web

China Product


The drupa show just ended the most concern is the sudden emergence of inkjet printing. Display the number of inkjet printing equipment and technological innovation has greatly exceeded other types of printing equipment. In other words, inkjet Drupa in the current dominant. There is no doubt that inkjet printing is the theme of this year's drupa one of the most attractive. The new inkjet printing system is widely used in printing production shows great potential.





Advantage of articles Quality and speed Display at Drupa at least 8 new inkjet web press. Seen in this light, ink-jet printing has been recognized as the printing industry, color printing production technology. As the most competitive digital printing technology widely used for electronic camera has the advantage. However, digital printing by the speed limit, just the speed inkjet printing has its obvious advantages.
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Exhibition, Fujifilm and Dainippon Screen size companies exhibited 50 cm × 70 new sheet-fed inkjet printing, offset printing quality to the level. Kodak introduced the Stream4 volume color inkjet to the concept paper machine, the printing quality achieved and 70 from the same level offset outlets. Hewlett-Packard HP web jet aircraft on display, the scroll width 76.2cm, printing speed of 122 m / min, the production efficiency of up to 2440A4 pages per minute.





HP inkjet printing to web Drupa press at the show a hit. Although all of the above ink-jet printing systems can be listed for at least two years, but it is worth us about the performance of these types of inkjet printer.





1. HP: web inkjet system The system can be both positive and negative


sided 4-color printing, resolution of 600 × 600dpi, paper tape width of 72.6 cm. Printing speed up to 122 meters per minute, monthly production of up to 70 million, can printing trade bill, direct mail, newspapers and books. The system uses HP Color Ink And when each ink are used adhesive. Therefore, porous the paper can achieve the best image quality and wear resistance, and improve gloss and reduce tissue color printed transparency. On-demand thermal printing heads that spray the entire tape width of the last double-sided printing. In order to show how the arrangement of the print head, HP Drupa exhibition in the web width of 91.4 cm inkjet.





Learned that from autumn 2009 onwards, can supply a width of 76.2 cm inkjet systems cost about 2.5 million U.S. dollars. According to HP, said one color page costs one cent, black and white pages only 0.15 cents.





2. Fuji Film: JETPRESS720 inkjet Fujifilm introduced a prototype sheet-fed inkjet printing, machine sizes up to 72 cm × 52 cm, India 2700 per hour, pages per minute print 180A4, or printed 10800A4 pages per hour. The machine used for positive printing, so must be used for negative printing paper sets the heap. 72cm wide print head manufactured by the Dimatix subsidiary, using piezoelectric nozzle to water-based ink jet printing paper color. Through the nozzle of the 1200dpi resolution and 3 different physical size of the drops, you can achieve the best quality.





With different offset, Zhang printing of images and text are not the same. So JetPress720 printing machine offset printing mill can be used as a supplement use of variable data printing can expand its production business, and to the printer 2000 following a short version of living. It is reported that the aircraft sale from next summer, priced at about one million U.S. dollars.





3. Screen Company: TRUEPRESSJETSX inkjet Machine size of 53 cm × 74 cm 4-color sheet-fed inkjet system.





Width of 52 cm using Epson print head to vertical feed for the process in a positive print. Nozzle of the resolution 1440 × 720dpi, using water-based pigment ink print 1600 hour, equivalent to 6400A4 106A4 page or pages per minute. Allegedly printed sheets finished in front, immediately after drying, re-printed negative. In the two process, the first print runs have reached the correct ink, it does not produce Kai printed paper. The machine will be listed summer of 2009, the price has not been determined.

The pace of transition in eastern trade more solid shoe

China Product


In recent years, Jiangsu vigorously implement the science and technology and trade, quality and brand strategy to encourage high-tech and high value-added exports. With manufacturing and technology development capability has increased, the province completed the structure of export commodities from the resource-intensive products to to work? Technology-intensive products are the main changes in the basic form as a guide to high-tech products, electromechanical products, light Textile products are the main export commodities system. Province's average annual high-tech products export increase of 60%, out of the province the first category of goods, accounting for the province exports rose from 21% in 2000 to raise 45% in 2006, high-tech products drive mechanical and electrical products, electrical and mechanical products led the growth pattern of foreign trade gradually.


    With the upgraded structure of export commodities, Jiangsu's main export product range also expanded. IT products, home appliances, automotive parts, ships and containers have become the leading export products, transport equipment, some machinery and equipment, office machinery, pharmaceuticals and inorganic chemicals and other capital-intensive products show a strong comparative advantage in some products both the national and even international occupies an important position.


    Today, Jiangsu has more than 20 categories of merchandise exports account for more than 15%, LCD panels and monitors, mouse, keyboard and other products with yields of global electronic information industry occupies an important position, southern Jiangsu is an important global electronic communications equipment manufacturing base. Since 2001, automatic data processing equipment and parts, parts replacement shoes and toys, have become among the top five in Jiangsu exports of major commodities. Now has become the largest category of exports in Jiangsu, accounting for 25% of the province's total exports.
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    From OEM to create a license
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    From OEM to create a license, and greatly enhance the competitiveness of exports and become another highlight of Jiangsu's exports.


    In recent years, Jiangsu efforts to cultivate internationally competitive export brand, develop the province's long-term development of export brand development plan, build a full range of export of the brand development mechanism. Optimization of a group of independent intellectual property rights and strong export competitiveness of enterprises focus on nurturing, support more brand to enter the Ministry of Commerce, "focused support and development of export brands", give full play to the demonstration effect of the export brand-name enterprises. A group of textile, home appliances, machinery and other industries export brands with independent intellectual property rights has taken shape.


    Xuzhou Engineering Group is China's construction machinery industry exports over 100 million U.S. dollars the first manufacturing enterprise. In recent years, they stick to brand development, focus on promoting the internationalization process. Today, the company realized "Xu" brand products to Europe and the United States and other large machinery developed countries and regions exported in large quantities.


    Brand building, Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group through the control of international brands shortcomings, set goals, set of measures, continuing to strengthen the product quality improvements, increased reliability, while focusing on technical quality, management quality, cultural quality and so improve the internal quality, improve product reliability and customer satisfaction. XCMG brand has become the first brand of Chinese construction machinery industry.


    Wuxi textile and garment enterprises do OEM for international brands, the accumulated technology, management experience, established distribution network. Their self-built by the foreign sales company, buy an international brand, etc., change OEM license to create and achieve a leap-forward development. Currently, only to have red beans, Wuxi, HAILAN the Ministry of Commerce and other four focus on fostering and development of export brands, while other five new agreements focused on cultivating a provincial export brands.


    Promotion of brand strategy, Jiangsu emerged a large number of backbone enterprises of foreign trade, overall competitiveness rapidly. Currently, the import and export of Jiangsu to enter the country 92 500 enterprises, accounting for 18.2% of the total, into the national import and export enterprises 43 200, accounting for 21.5%. Number of annual exports Chaobai Yi Yuan brand enterprises in Jiangsu rapid rise.

Red wine vinegar health drink VS New Fashion - vinegar, wine, health - Food Industry

China Product


As the level of knowledge, national income increased, people are growing for the concept of health importance, not only because of ill health needs, the concept of preventive medicine has been people's minds. Meishan people into a variety of choices at health clubs, exercise hall-cultivation, maintenance body, the choice of Drinks When they began to pay attention. Reporter visited found that although the vinegar, red wine taste different, but many people have become spoiled.





"Sweet and sour" really healthy
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19 days in Meishan City's major supermarkets and shopping malls small interview found that various types of display shelf drinks, vinegar Sell Of the more fiery, buy vinegar customers not unusual, especially young women are. Shopping guide
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beverage sales area, said Kobayashi, vinegar lower cholesterol, improve digestion, reduce blood fat and blood pressure, soften blood vessels and other effects. In the vinegar brewing process, the fruits rich in vitamins, amino acids and so can be well preserved, therefore, greatly improve the nutritional value of vinegar, and vinegar contains a large number of components, can play an anti-aging effect. Because the nutritional value of vinegar and the components of the decision, "Beauty," " Lose weight "" Health "," fashion "and a vinegar drink's campaign.





"In general, the appropriate food vinegar, rice vinegar, etc. on the body is beneficial, but only a cuisine Condiment . The vinegar is a vinegar drink, good taste, fruit, children especially like to drink, because the vinegar can be beauty beauty, women generally prefer vinegar. "One-time purchase of 4 bottles of apple cider vinegar, Ms Cheng told reporters.





"Baby loves to drink Carbonated beverages This body is not good, I often bought him milk to drink, but drink a little long excluded him milk. On one occasion, one of my female colleagues, brought a small bottle of fruit vinegar to the office, listen to her body pretty good Vinegar. After work that day, I bought a bottle of vinegar to go home, baby really is like the kind of sweet and sour taste. "Child well-meaning Mr. Xia said.





Scan neatly placed on the shelf of vinegar, there is Glass bottle Equipment, and also carton. The reporters found that the price is not cheap vinegar, a brand of apple cider vinegar drink 200ml price of 4.5 yuan, another brand of apple cider vinegar drink 480ml price of 13.8 yuan, the same amount of milk than the price of two expensive Ternary Money. Fruit vinegar beverages, such as whether it





Shopping Shopping guide said it has the effect of many? Interview relevant experts. Experts said that vinegar does the body good, you can Yanggan Huwei and lungs than the dry, autumn is the time to drink vinegar. Autumn, cooler weather, the human body into the "Yin Yang eliminate long" period of adjustment, vinegar contains the amino acid, acetic acid and other nutrients, and are good for the weak of the liver, can improve the liver function of detoxification and metabolism . Meanwhile, experts also remind the public, buy vinegar to polish his eyes, to purchase authentic fruit vinegar beverages. Because in the current market, do not rule out that some businesses flavor, vinegar concentrate modulation inferior vinegar, instead of using fermented fruit.





Slow drink to enjoy an elegant light discretionary


"Several female friends to meet, drink beer belly expansion easy, white wine is too strong, so to select two bottles of red wine." 19, carrying two bottles of red wine out of a mall Hongmei pleased told reporters, "because happened to coincide with promotions, or stars of red wine does. When a person can drink pour point, can beauty beauty, I own my elegant, ha ha! "





With the material living standards, luxury red wine from the initial spirit of the people suddenly become a regulator. Meishan City Shopping Centre, on the shelves of large and small, always put on the rows of red wine, for public choice.





"In general, the choice of red wine in stores and there is no special method, mainly the stars and the price. Star quality wine is worthy of trust.

MAX038 chip waveform Generator

China Product


0 Introduction


Waveform generator with wide applications. In the analysis testing equipment, ultrasonic equipment, medical equipment and communications equipment widely used.


Function generator as the excitation source signal, the parameter accuracy is an important factor to be considered in the design. Common waveform generation circuit RC oscillator circuit, LC oscillator circuit, oscillation circuit and the venturi formed by the 555-chip oscillation circuit, but the oscillator circuit chip as the core, frequency selection and restrictions limiting device characteristics, the amplitude and frequency accuracy There is more or less respect or realization of the circuit unstable and complex situations. If you need to achieve wave transformation, the size of amplitude and frequency adjustment and improve the stability of amplitude and frequency, the design of peripheral circuits will become more complex. Formed by the MAX038 waveform generator circuit designed to output a high amplitude-frequency accuracy and easy adjustment of the waveform signal, the circuit parameters demanding workplace can be a good application.
solenoid actuator


1 Chip Features
led scrolling message


1.1 MAX038 chip performance characteristics


20-pin DIP chip MAX038CPP package, pin diagram shown in Figure 1. The pin functions are summarized below:


REF: chip 2.5 V reference voltage output;


GND: Analog ground;


A1, A0: output waveform selected, TTL / CMOS compatible;


COSC: internal oscillator, external capacitors;


FADJ, DADJ: output frequency, duty cycle adjustment;


IIN: oscillation frequency control current input;


PDI, PDO: internal phase detector input and output;


SYNC: synchronization signal output, allowing simultaneous internal oscillator and the external circuit;


DGND, DV +: internal digital circuit power;


V +, V-: MAX038 Power Supply (+5 V, -5 V);


OUT: output waveform.


Add a little MAX038 chip peripheral circuits can generate triangle wave, sawtooth, sine, square, rectangular pulse shape. The chip has the following features:


(1) Output frequency range: 0.1 ~ 20 MHz, up to 40 MHz:


(2) Output waveform duty cycle (15% ~ 85%) independent variable, the duty cycle can be DADJ end adjustments, if DADJ grounded, the output duty cycle is 50%;


(3) with low output impedance of the output buffer, the output impedance of the typical value of 0.1 ;


(4) with TTL separate sync signal compatible SYNC (square-wave output, 50% fixed duty cycle) to facilitate the formation of the frequency synthesizer system;


(5) low temperature drift.


For all the output waveform, the output waveform is symmetrical for the reference waveform, in the case of low output impedance, output current up to ± 20 mA current.


In the two and TTL / CMOS signal input match the address pins A1, A0, enter the appropriate code signal, to achieve control of the output waveform transformation, the specific input codes and output waveforms of the corresponding relationship shown in Table 1.


When V + = 5 V, V-=- 5 V, VDADJ = VFADJ = VPDI = VPDO = 0 V, RL = 1 k , CL = 20 pF, the output waveform, frequency adjustment, the output voltage can reach Vp-stable p = 2 V.


1.2 PGA202/203 chip features


PGA 202/203 for the program-controlled voltage amplifier. PGA202 decimal zoom mode, amplification factor for the 1,10,100,1 000. PGA203 binary zoom mode, amplification factor for the 1,2,4,8, the two chips are all TTL / CMOS compatible. PGA202 chip pin diagram shown in Figure 2.